Monthly Archives: January 2010

Soviet-Type Army Discarded, New One Needs to be Built

Writing in Vedomosti, Aleksey Nikolskiy concludes that Serdyukov’s reforms are irreversible, despite the military’s dissatisfaction.  His plans were quickly implemented, including the liquidation of many low-strength units.  Officer cuts fell mostly on colonels and lieutenant colonels who had no one to command and almost numbered more than lieutenants.  The desired ‘pyramid’ in the officer corps is visible.

Nikolskiy concludes that this new Russian Army isn’t for fighting NATO or China, which either will or have ceased to be mass armies themselves, but rather for action in the post-Soviet space.

The flip side of the radical break-up of the Soviet-style army is the mass, hidden dissatisfaction of officers cut in volumes not seen since the 1990s.  It’s gone to the point where officers are being offered duties once discharged by warrants.  The reformers promise to help discharged officers with apartments, separation benefits, and job placement, but in reality the ex-officers are running into mass violations of their rights.  Nikolskiy says this won’t stop the reforms because opposition to them is so weak.  And Serdyukov has the complete confidence of the White House and the Kremlin.

The Year of Military Reform

Defense Minister Serdyukov and General Staff Chief Makarov (photo: RIA Novosti)

Nezavisimaya gazeta’s number one military story of the year is the achievement of the ‘new profile.’  NG concludes not just anyone could have introduced this year’s changes.  Serdyukov succeeded where a line of others before him failed.  And he did it like Peter the Great; he didn’t consult the boyars, he didn’t pay attention to seething discontent among the troops and dismissed officers, and he completely ignored experts and the military community.

He turned the General Staff into an obedient instrument by sweeping out opponents, then proceeded to put all military units into permanent readiness.  He reduced the officer corps from 355,000 to 150,000 in one year, and established a command pyramid by reducing generals, colonels, and lieutenant colonels and adding to the lieutenant ranks.  According to Makarov, all 142,000 warrant officers were either dismissed or took another posts, often as sergeants.

Makarov says one-third of officers will receive premium pay in 2010–this will be up to 75,000 rubles for a platoon commander and 200,000 for a division commander.  He says all officers will be paid on this scale by 2012.

 The effectiveness of the reform was constantly criticized, especially when the year’s training results showed that 60 percent of the new brigades were rated only satisfactory.  Only 4 units got outstanding, and they were ships or submarines. 

Makarov says reequipping the armed forces is the next fundamental task.  He calls it the most labor-intensive, “Firstly, we have started to equip the southern districts.”  Toward 2016, the army is supposed to have 30 percent modern arms, and 70-100  percent by 2020.

The Genshtab says 37,000 officers were placed outside the TO&E (without duty posts and much of their pay) to await apartments and dismissal.  It promises they won’t be dismissed without housing, but officers don’t believe this too much.  It was promised that the Defense Ministry would get 45,000 apartments in 2009, but it really received less than 30,000 by year’s end.  Another 45,000 are promised in 2010, but these plans are being frustrated, and this is quite an important affair for dismissed officers.